PROSTAGLANDINS

PROSTAGLANDINS
Prostaglandins are (local hormone)unsaturated fatty acid derivatives that act on the tissues in which they are synthesized and are rapidly metabolized to inactive products at the site of action.(can we find it in the circulation?)

prostaglandins contains 20 carbons ( These compounds are sometimes referred to as eicosanoids (prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and prostacyclins); “eicosa” refers to the 20 carbon atoms.

Synthesis of prostaglandins
 
phospholipase A2 converts phospholipids of cell membranes to arachidonic acid

There are two pathways in the synthesis of the eicosanoids from arachidonic acid.

1- Cyclooxygenase pathway:
There are two types of the cyclooxygenase enzymes:

A- Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is responsible for the physiologic production of prostaglandins.
b- Cyclooxyginase (COX-2 causes the elevated production of prostaglandins in the sites of inflammation.

2- Lipoxygenase pathway:
Alternatively, lipoxygenase converts arachidonic acid to leukotrines or lipoxins.

# Receptor Mechanisms
 
#Type of prostaglandin Receptor
#Functions in the body:
#Alprostadil....Uses:
#Lubiprostone...uses/side effect/
#Misoprostol...uses/side effect
#Prostaglandin F2? analogs
# Prostacyclin (PGI2) analogs
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