prostate

prostate
The prostate is the male organ most commonly afflicted with either benign or malignant neoplasm.
Three distinct zones of prostate: peripheral zone (70%), central (25%) and transition zone (5%)
60-70% of carcinoma originates in peripheral zone.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) originate in transition zone.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Most common benign tumor in male. Its incidence is age related.
Etiology
Risk factors for development of BPH is poorly understood
Genetic factors may paly role.
Its causes appear to be multifactorial and endocrine controlled.
There is a suggestive relation between BPH and age due to increase estrogen level causing induction of androgen receptors and sensitize prostate to free testosterone..
Pathology
BPH develops in transition zone; it is a hyperplastic process resulting from increase in cell number. As BPH nodule enlarge, they compress the outer zones of prostate resulting in so called .surgical capsule.
Pathophysiology
either to due are bph symptoms obstructive component of prostate or the secondary response of blander to blander outlet resistance .
Blander outlet obstruction leads to detrusor muscle hypertrophy& hyperplasia as well as collagen deposition which result in trabeculartion & diverticula formation.