BONE DENSITY

Imaging of bone disease
1- plain x-ray

2-radio isotope

3- CT scan

4- MRI
PLAIN X-RAY

1-BONE DENSITY

2-PERIOSTEAL REACTION

3-CORTICAL THICKENING

4- ALTERATION IN TRABECULAR PATTERAN

5-ALTERATION IN THE SHAPE OF BONE



Decrease bone density
Generalized :
a-osteoporosis
b-osteomalacia and rickes
c-hyperparathyroidism,renal osteodystrophy
d- mutiple myeloma
e-osteogensis imperfecta

Localized :
Fracture of one bone
Sudeck atrophy -sever osteop

Increase bone density
a-osteopetrosis
b-myelosclerosis
c-sclerotic metastasis
d-paget s disease
e-prostatic metastasis

Periosteal reaction
Excess bone prodused by the periosteum which occurs in response to such condition
a-neoplasm
b-inflammation
c-trauma

Cortical thickening
Laying down of new bone ,there is no separated lines or spicules of calcification as seen in periosteal reaction
Causes:
1-chronic osteomylitis
2-healed trauma
3- response to chronic teroids
4- benign neoplasm

Alteration in the trabecular pttern
Reduction in number of trabeculae and alteration in the remaining ones
a-osteoporosis :thick cortex ,long trabeculae
b-paget s disease:thick trabeculation in cortex and medulla
c-haemolytic anemia :biconcave bone marrow