Rhinosinusitis

Rhinosinusitis

Rhinitis is defined as inflammation of the lining of the nose,characterized by one or more of the following symptoms
Nasal congestion
Rhinorrhea
Sneezing and itching
The term sinusitis refers to a group of disorder charecterized by inflammation of the mucosa of paranasal sinuses.
Because the inflammation always also involve the nose ,it is now generally accepted that "Rhinosinusitis" is preferred term to desecribe the inflammation of the nose and paranasalsinusesThe ciliated mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses are contiguous and it would be rare for one to be affected without the other so the term rhinosinusitis always usedDifferential diagnosis
Polyp
Mechanical factors
NSD
Hypertrophic turbinate
Obstruction OMC
F.B
Choanalatrasia
Tumours..Benign or malignant
Granuloma
CSF Rhinorrhea
Acute rhinosinusitis ARS is acute infection of sudden onset with duration of less than four weeks, 7 days to four weeks as viral rhinosinusitis follow viral URTI and mimic it`s symptoms so five to seven days was recommended perior to an acute bacterial rhinosinusitis.
SubacuterhinosinusitisSRS the duration is last for 4- 12 weeks
Recurrent acute infection RARS are defined by four or more episodes per year
Chronic rhinosinusitis CRS occur when the duration of symptoms is greater than 12 weeks
Acute exacerbation of chronic rhinisinusitis AECRS is is sudden worsening of CRS with return to baseline CRS
Signs and symptoms


?Caldwell-Luc operation
Frontoethmoidosphenoid
?Trephenation of frontal sinuses
??Intranasal ethmoidectomy
???FESS Functional endoscopic sinus surgery
????Transnasalethmoidectomy
?????external frontoethmoidosphenoidectomy