anticoagulants drugs

anti platelets
1.Aspirin
Mech . inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis
By irreversibly inhibition of COX-1,
used : in the prophylactic treatment of
transient cerebral ischemia, to reduce the incidence
of recurrent MI.
SIDE EEFECTS: is prolong Bleeding time causing
increased rick of hemorrhagic stroke and GIT
bleeding, especially at higher doses of the drug.
Pharmacokinetics: These agents require loading
doses for quicker antiplatelet effect.
N.B: Ticlopidine is associated with severe
hematologic reactions that limit its use, such as
agranulocytosis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic
purpura (TTP), and aplastic anemia
3. Abciximab, eptifibatide, and
tirofiban
A chimeric monoclonal antibody, inhibits the GP
receptors activation , blocks the binding of
fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor and,
consequently, aggregation does not occur.
These agents are given intravenously, along
with heparin and aspirin, for the prevention of
cardiac ischemic complications
4. Dipyridamole
• mechanism : decreased thromboxane A2
synthesis as well as potentiate the effect of
prostacyclin to prevent platelet stickiness
decrease platelet adhesion.
use in : stroke prevention and is usually given in
combination with aspirin.
Side effect: headache and can lead to
orthostatic hypotension
5. Cilostazol
mechanism : Inhibit phosphodiesterase
type III, which prevents the degradation of
cAMP, lead to increasing levels of cAMP in
platelets and vascular tissues. Which
prevents platelet aggregation and promotes
vasodilation of blood vessels.