Bioenergetics and oxidative phosphorylation

Bioenergetics and oxidative phosphorylation

Q1: why is ATP considered as an energy-rich compound?
Q2: is ATP the only energy-rich compound in the body?
Q3: Are NADH & FADH2 Produced in the mitochondria only?
Q4: why does FADH2 produce 2ATP while NADH produce 3ATP?
Q5: what are the site-specific inhibitors of the electron transport chain?
Q6: Explain why NADH is oxidized by FMN?
Q7: How is electron transport chain is coupled to oxidative phosphorylation?
Q8: Explain why 2ATP are produced in glycerophosphate shuttle while 3ATP are produced by malate-aspartate shuttle?
Q9: how many calories produced from the complete aerobic oxidation of glucose?
Chapter 7: Glycolysis
Q1: Define Glycolysis?
Q2: Does Glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?
Q3: what are the reversible and irreversible steps of glycolysis?
Q4: what are the differences between hexokinase and glucokinase?
Q5: How many ATP produced from glycolytic pathway under:
1. aerobic conditions? 2. Anaerobic conditions?
Q6: what is the most important step in glycolysis
Q7: Explain how cytosolic NADH enter the mitochondria?

Q8: What is the effect of insulin and glucagon?
8: Gluconeogenesis
Q1: what are the substrates of gluconeogenesis?
Q2: starting from lactate list all the steps for glucose synthesis?
Q3: explain how alanine converted into glucose?
Q4: write down the net equation of gluconeogenesis? And how many ATPs are produced?
Q5: what is "Cori cycle"? and what are the biochemical advantages of it?
Q6: Explain in detail the effect of insulin and glucagon in:-
1. Glycolysis 2. Gluconeogenesis
Q7: compare between insulin and glucagon action in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis?
Q8: what are the unique steps of gluconeogenesis?