Muscle Tissues

Muscle Tissues
soft tissue that composes muscles in animal bodies, and gives rise to muscles ability to contract. This is opposed to other components or tissues in muscle such as tendons or perimysium. It is formed during embryonic development through a process known as myogenesis
STRUCTURE OF MUSCLE TISSUE
- All muscle tissues have a superficial covering of vary thickness called fascia, made of connective tissue and laced with adipose tissue.
- Inside the facia, the muscle tissue is surrounded by epimysium and individual muscle bundles or faciculus are surrounded by perimysium.
- Endomycium is the connective tissue that separates muscle fibers within a faciculus.
- The unit of a faciculus is a muscle fiber (or cell) called myofibril.
- Muscel cells are similar to other tissues. They contain mitochondria (lots of them), Golgi apparatus, ER, S and other
Muscle tissue varies with function and location in the body. In mammals the three types are: skeletal or striated muscle; smooth or non-striated muscle; and cardiac muscle, which is sometimes known as semi-striated. Smooth and cardiac muscle contracts involuntarily, without conscious intervention. These muscle types may be activated both through interaction of the central nervous system as well as by receiving innervation from peripheral plexus or endocrine (hormonal) activation. Striated or skeletal muscle only contracts voluntarily, upon influence of the central nervous system. Reflexes are a form of non-conscious activation of skeletal muscles, but nonetheless arise through activation of the central nervous system, albeit not engaging cortical structures until after the contraction has occurred.
The different muscle types vary in their response to neurotransmitters and endocrine substances such as acetyl-choline, noradrenalin, adrenalin, nitric oxide and among others depending on muscle type and the exact location of the muscle
Sub-categorization of muscle tissue is also possible, depending on among other things the content of myoglobin, mitochondria, myosin ATPase etc. . .
FUNCTION AND TYPES OF MUSCLE
- Locomotion: One of the most obvious functions of muscle tissue is locomotion. When muscles contract, the fibers pull or relax bones to which they are attached, thus causing locomotion.
• - Muscle contraction is also the primary means of moving lymph in the lymphatic vessel. The circulation and