UTERINE FIBROID

They are the most common benign tumour of the female genital tract, clinically apparent in 20 -30% of women & 70% of uterus removed during hysterectomy.
Aetiology &Risk factors:
Patho -physiology of fibroid remains poorly understood.
Cytogenetic abnormalities in 40%,translocation or deletion of chromosome 7, 12 &14.
Ovarian hormones:
-It shrinks at time of menopause.
E2 , Progesterone role less clear.
Afro Caribbean more prone to have UF.
Null parity , obesity , PCO,D.M ,H.T.

Classification: sub-mucus , intramural, sub-serus , intra-ligamentery and cervical.
Complications:
1- Degenerative changes:
2- Red deg., hyaline and calsification.
3- Sarcomatus changes.
4- Torsion.
DIAGNOSIS:
History:
Presentation:
Asymptomatic: accidentally discovered.
Menstrual abnormalities: heavy menstrual bleeding ,inter-menstrual bleeding.
Abdominal swelling noticed by the women.
Pain : acute of torsion or dull pain.
Sub-fertiliy.
Complications of pregnancy.
Pressure effect.