LYMPHOMA

LYMPHOMA:
Objective :To understand types , epidemiology, clinical presentations , diagnosis and lines of treatment of lymphoma.
Lymphoma is the third most common cancer in children (age 14 yr or younger). It is the most common cancer in adolescents, accounting for >25% of newly diagnosed cancers in persons 15-19 yr old.
The 2 categories of lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), have different clinical manifestations and treatments.
Hodgkin Lymphoma:
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a malignant process involving the lymphoreticular system that accounts for 6% of childhood cancers. HL accounts for approximately 5% of cancers in persons 14 yr of age or younger; it accounts for approximately 15% of cancers in adolescents (15-19 yr of age), making HL the most common malignancy in this age group.
EPIDEMIOLOGY:
The worldwide incidence of HL is approximately 2-4 new cases/100,000 population/yr; there is a age distribution, with peaks at 15-35 yr of age and again after 50 yr.
It is the most common cancer seen in adolescents and young adults, and the third most common in children younger than the age of 15 yr.
A male : female predominance is found among young children .
Infectious agents may be involved, such as human herpesvirus 6, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).